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I see many frequently encountered issues in the visual novel community. I've taken some time to address them, with a focus on pragmatic solutions rather than long-winded explanations. Issue: I really like <insert type of VN>, but I can't find others like it, or I've already played through all the suggested titles. Answer: There's over 17k VNs in VNDB's database. 2356 are available in English. The sorts of VNs you're looking for are almost certainly there. Time to learn Japanese. Issue: JAST USA is really slow, and it licenses nearly finished fan translations and sits on them for years before releasing them. Answer: Time to learn Japanese. You'll probably finish before JAST does. Issue: Companies keep licensing eroge and releasing them censored on Steam. Answer: They're doing this because few people buy eroge, whereas Steam users are more than happy to overpay for softcore porn. Time to learn Japanese. Issue: JAST/Nukaku is censoring my lolis / guro / scat / all the content I'm interested in. It's really ticking me off.Answer: Distribution of offensive pornographic content is restricted in much of the English-speaking world. Time to learn Japanese. Also, best not to import the stuff, or you could end up like this guy. Issue: Original English VNs are terrible. Help! Answer: Yes, the English VN market has thus far failed to attract professional game developers, especially when it comes to sexual content. Time to learn Japanese. Issue: The game I'm interested in has a fan translation or a fan translation in progress, but the translation is terrible or the project is stalled. Answer: Fan translators cannot be relied upon to provide high-quality translations quickly and reliably. They have real jobs / studies that take precedence. Time to learn Japanese. Issue: Localization companies pick mediocre or short titles I have no interest in. Why can't they release something I want like <insert title from Type-Moon, Eushully, or other famous developer here>? Answer: Japanese companies don't care what you want, and neither do localization companies. They want profits, and releasing titles people want is often unfeasible or unprofitable. Time to learn Japanese. Issue: I tried text hooking with machine translation so I could play Japanese VNs, but I can't understand it or it's too frustrating to use. Answer: Understanding machine translation requires practice and exposure. It's a bit like learning a new language. If you'd rather not learn machine translation, you could learn Japanese instead. Issue: Learning Japanese is hard. Like, really hard. Answer: Yes, it's one of the most difficult languages for a native English speaker to learn. The US government estimates that 2200 hours of intensive study is required to gain basic proficiency in Japanese. To add insult to injury, Japanese has a special asterisk next to it reading, "Languages preceded by asterisks are usually more difficult for native English speakers to learn than other languages in the same category". That means they lied; it actually takes significantly more than 2200 hours to learn the language. Good luck. So there you go: practical solutions to frequently encountered issues. I hope everyone finds this guide helpful.

Komorebi no Nostalgica is one of the more interesting VNs I've read in the past three years. I occasionally go back and play one of its paths when I want to restore my faith in VNs, and one of its primary themes is artificial intelligence. There are a number of different viewpoints represented in the VN about AIs, ranging from classic horror stories and instinctive repulsion to acceptance and/or affection. Cinema, who is the source of most of the central conflicts of the VN, is a humanoid robot created before the big war that basically wiped out the internet archives and a lot of humanity's knowledge of its own past. She was apparently customized immensely by the man known only as the 'Store Manager', who ran an underground video rental shop with her as the clerk. She isn't a heroine, but it wouldn't be incorrect to state that she is the focus of all the major events of the story. In many ways, her personality and setting resemble that of the heroine from Planetarian, and those who played that ancient will probably be able to easily recognize the earnest, almost childlike nature of the two. The generation of humanoid robots after her eventually developed a self-determining will and intelligence, becoming fully sentient, sparking a pogrom (of humans slaughtering robots that were suddenly seen as a threat) that led straight into a war that shattered human society as it existed at the time. The war was... a draw, though a draw that turned out more to the advantage of the robotic Metasera than to that of humanity. During the war, Cinema was put into hibernation and hidden by her creator, until she was awakened by the protagonist and his hare- *coughs* friends. The Metasera, having gained the right to self-determination in exchange for forfeiting their right to aggressive self-defense, live in small arcologies based in just about every major city of the planet, learning from and aiding humans as they seek to evolve their budding intelligence and emotions further. One of the heroines, Fluorite, is a Metasera, and it is through her that you get the writer's insight into the idea of the results of a 'naturally occurring' AI. Cinema, on the other hand, presents an entirely different path to the same goal... she is a low-spec virtual intelligence that is designed to grow into full sentience and in the end gains a far wider spread of emotions than the Metasera... while also showing off a surprising degree of emotional development, even before she gains that sentience. The idea of an AI that develops intelligence before emotion and causes a war (the Metasera) versus an AI that develops intelligence after emotion and is a friend to humanity from the beginning (Cinema) is one of the many hidden themes of the VN. There were innumerable times in the VN that I felt intellectually stimulated or driven to express raw emotion. The story is just that powerful, after all. Moreover, the protagonist and friends are of the first generation to grow up without knowledge of the world prior to the Metasera, and it is the writer's portrayal of this aspect that is frequently the most interesting.

NOTE: This isn't what I would call a review. More like nitpicking useless stuffs hence the title. I'm hoping that you people are intelligent enough to not take my work too seriously as I proceed. Also, massive spoilers. Shingeki no Bahamut: Genesis is an anime adaptation of a mobile game with the same name. The anime was produced by studio MAPPA who are mostly known for working on titles like Zankyou no Terror and Garo: The Animation. The anime opens with an epic battle scene happening between a dragon and some omnipotent beings just to show you exactly what to expect from it in the future. While it succeeded in capturing many with gasp and awe, it wasn’t exactly what I would call a ‘good opening scene’ per se. The scene left me mostly in confusion rather than working as an establishment of a fictional world. I couldn’t figure out or even get a general idea of who was supposed to be whom and what was going on. Only on the later episodes it was revealed that Zeus and Satan apparently worked together to seal Bahamut. Zeus and Satan? They aren’t even of the same mythology. It would had made more sense if it was Hades instead of Satan. Well, the mixing of pantheons isn’t exactly a con in terms of storytelling so….yeah, I’m just nitpicking. The show evokes the feels and tones of a 17th century Spain with its arts, settings and music. A fantasy swashbuckler anime that draws inspirations heavily from other fantasy swashbuckler western movies like the Pirates of the Caribbean series. The big wheel scene in episode 1, the zombies, the pirates, the entangled ships, the fight on top of the mast, sea monster and tentacle all in episode 4 are some of the homage it delivers sweetly. The orchestrated scores are just perfect for the tone. They don’t stand out much but, as a certain someone pointed out, it’s for the best since it immerses you to the story well without fail and that’s definitely a plus for me. The OP and the ED were the ones that I completely skipped. I wouldn’t go as far as saying that they were bad or even mediocre at best. It’s just that it failed to grab my attention for the first few minutes or I simply didn’t gave it a second chance. It felt weird to see Amira’s personality change in episode 2. In the first episode, she was shown to be less talkative and gave an aura of a stoic person plus the badassery when fighting with the summoned demon (the cinematography used in this fight scene was excellent compared to all the later unimaginative fight scenes). But in the middle of episode 2, her personality changes to a childish one. A dojikko trait. It’s not a matter of Amira opening up to the main protagonist Favaro because she acts childish and vulnerable even in front of strangers and mere acquaintance when staying in the Anatae city. It felt like the change to her dojikko personality was just there to appeal the otaku fans. Also, what’s with her imprisonment? The angels ordered the king to keep Amira under heavy guard (can’t they just send their own infinite supply of angels to protect her?) and the King swore to guard her with his life but where are is the heavy guard? Her room is kept on watch with only two generic guards with distorted facial features. Why does she roam freely around the castle for whole three episodes without anyone even noticing or objecting? There were some little issues with the pacing like how quickly things were resolved when in episode 5, the demon Azazel manipulated Kaisar (other protagonist) into fighting Favaro. The Anatae arc slowed things down distracting us away from the main plot. I think it was done so that they have enough material to reach the twelve episode mark in other words, fillers. But these things not only slowed down the pace, it also added new conflicts that only complicated the overall plot unnecessarily. Like the king being poisoned by paranoia or Jeanne D'Arc (the badass) transforming into a demon. Also, the clichéd ‘most trusted guy is the one behind everything’ plot twist. Lavalley falls victim of this trope. This plot twist fails for me as it felt unnecessary and didn’t really shocked me at all and it also created unintentional plot holes which I’ll get into later. Kaisar (other protagonist) also had some character inconsistency like how much is his vengeance important? At first, it seems like a running gag for him to chase and fight Favaro but later it is revealed that it’s much more serious than that and Kaisar (other protagonist) would never forgive him. But then again, he suddenly becomes very cooperative with Favaro for little to no reason. When falling down, Kaisar (other protagonist) can slow down time and talk at lengths in mid-air. In the last episode he gets his hand (the one where he wears the bounty hunter bracelet) cut off by Favaro to trick Lavalley and seal him off. Couldn’t they just pretend to fight and get close to him in acceptable range and simply seal him off there? Damaging Kaisar (other protagonist) seemed like an unnecessary attempt to make him look like a badass. Jeanne D'Arc (the badass) was just cast off as a minor side character even though she had huge potentials and was shown to be someone really important to the main plot in the early episodes. The CGI effects were surprisingly good when I expected them to be awkward except for the green dragon. That was awful enough. And let’s not forget the great Bahamut himself (or itself). CGI Bahamut stuck out like a sore thumb too. They could have used more tweening for smooth animation flow but it was above good nonetheless. I would have expected more from studio MAPPA since they did some fantastic animation in Zankyou no Terror but I guess they were running out of money and manpower in addition to the dead line. Plot holes left unanswered: If Lavalley was the one behind everything, then why did he left the childish Amira all by herself to find Helheim? How in the world could he predict that some random afro would help Amira to get to Helheim at all cost? Couldn’t he just kidnap Amira by his own when she was roaming freely around the castle for whole 3 episodes? It seems like a much more logical and easy solution than trying to trick her with all the pendent stuff. It was revealed that Amira’s memories were fabricated by Beelzebub and he recreated Amira from Nicole (Amira’s supposedly mother) as an imitation vessel to release Bahamut. It was showed clearly that Amira was a full grown adult when she was being separated from Nicole. Now the cocoon excuse falls flat. If she was an adult from the beginning then how come her personality be childish? She wasn’t grown inside a cocoon from childhood to adulthood so where did this clumsy personality come from? And keeping her inside the cocoon even when she was an adult (also making her a child when she was already an adult) would just seem like a waste of time and not logical. Her acting childish throughout the show felt like they underutilized her potential as a character just like they did with Jeanne D'Arc (the badass). When Amira hugs Nicole, she calls out Amira’s name and dies in peace. How did Nicole know that her supposedly daughter’s (more accurately, her clone’s) name was Amira? And why did she lovingly call out her name if she knew that Beelzebub created the clone by force? Wouldn’t Nicole just hate Amira more for that? Beelzebub and Lavalley released Bahamut by using Amira as the key. Then the Bahamut fatally wounds Beelzebub. Why was Beelzebub so sure that he could control Bahamut if he releases the dragon? Even if Lavalley lied to him that he could control Bahamut, wouldn’t he at least be suspicious because Bahamut was so powerful that even Zeus and Satan could barely seal him off let alone control him? Looks like Beelzebub trusts and gets tricked by people easily despite him being the devil. Also: I think the show would have turned out great if the plot twist never happened. If Lavalley really was the virtuous human who protected Nicole and Amira from the demons, if Martinet (Lavalley’s disguise or his other personality?) never even existed, if Nicole really did gave birth to Amira instead of cloning, all of the above plot holes could’ve been avoided and made this journey more emotional and satisfying than it currently is. Despite me cherry picking all that stuff, I still enjoyed the show. It undoubtedly is in the leagues of one of the best animes of 2014 if not ‘the best’. Quality animation, great slapstick comedy that doesn’t gets old, an emotionally invested epic journey, almost no pacing issues, fillers (subplots) that tied to the overarching plot, good action scenes, Favaro, and the Dragon are just some of the many things that this anime has to offer. I’m definitely hyped for when the next season comes out. And by that time, I hope that they had learned from their mistakes. Q: Where are the review scores? A: It's against my policy to give generalized metric values to a piece of art or literature or any kind of entertainment medium....actually, I just suck at math...I'll start rating things with numbers when I get a PhD in Mathematics or something.

Introduction: When it comes to reading VN's in Japanese, required skills can be grouped into four areas: Vocab, grammar, basic parsing skill, and kanji skill. In this post, for each area I'm going to explain: -what knowing skills in the area are good for -how you might study them -how much you'll need to start reading. I'll also give some related tips. The requirements mentioned below are a conservative estimate. I've known people who've jumped in to playing VN's with less or much less, but I'm giving a safe estimate. A level which at most people, without any special knack for learning languages through immersion, should be able to gain traction. If you learn this much before starting an easyish VN, the amount you are completely lost should be significantly less than the percentage you are able to pick up and improve from. This is not a comprehensive how-to guide by any means. Just an informative post. ------------------ 1. Vocab Knowing enough vocab to study your grammar resource without being bogged down by vocab: -About 30 verbs and 50 other words for Genki 1/ Tae kim Basic. -By the time you get to Genki 2/Tae Kim Essential you'll want a good set of verbs (about 100), and maybe about 300 total vocabulary. -~600 words about how much you'll want to be able to study N3 grammar without getting bogged down in vocab. Having enough vocab to start your first VN: -I recommend over 1000, but anywhere from 800-1300 is good. I remember trying Clannad with only 800, and I felt like ramming my head into a wall. It's also important to pick an easy title. It will still feel hard no matter what, but an easy title will be much more helpful and rewarding to play. You also must just translation aggregator and ITH. They are the reason why Visual Novels are the best medium for learning Japanese out of anime/books/movies/drama/etc. Vocab Lists: There's a dedicated verb list here: http://nihongoichiban.com/2012/08/13/list-of-all-verbs-for-the-jlpt-n4/ Verbs are helpful to learn, because they are often the most important part of the sentence AND you need to to have stuff to conjugate. In general JLPT-based vocab list is here: http://www.tanos.co.uk/jlpt/jlpt5/vocab/ Regarding English definitions: Be mentally open and flexible. If the english definition doesn't quite add up, don't try and think about it too hard. Focus instead on associating the word with the situations where you see it. For example, you might be confused by the word 都合 and it's unhelpful definition J-E definition, but if you seen 都合がいい used in a situation where you know it means "is convenient for me" from context then remember that occurence. There might be (there are, in fact), other usages of the word 都合, but that doesn't hurt you in anyway. The next time you see 都合 you can pair it against this meaning and see if that makes any sense. 2. Grammar Skills With N5+N4 grammar you will be barely able to start making your way through a VN. Without N4, you will have quite limited gains in the long term from reading visual novels. (Equivalent to Genki 1+2.) -Required to be able to play VN's With N3 grammar, everything will feel a lot clearer, the amount of grammar you'll understand will exceed 60%. (Equiv. to Intermediate approach to Integrated Japanese). Highly recommended to study this before or soon after you start your first VN. N2 grammar further cuts the amount of unknown grammar you face in three. N1 is kind of like a bonus that gives you a lot of uncommon or formal expressions. It's NOT comprehensive at all, in terms of covered all Japanese phrases. From my experience, some of the phrases you learn in here show up often in novels (ばかり、んばかり), others quite less. Good to know, though Expressions not covered in JLPT There are a lot of patterns and phrases not covered in JLPT that you will see in typical native reading material. Examples (社長に議長, phrases like なんだと！？ Xってなんだ？　ですって！？　～てくれないかな。 オレって、なんてバカなんだ ) Not to worry, many of them can be picked up as you go. For the rest, once you get settled into reading, you can start noting down those phrases you don't get and google them or ask other people. Imabi for grammar You can also try studying from http://www.imabi.net/. It's a phenomenal reference, it's just goes into tons of depth, too much. I think there's 2 or 3 times as much information there is covered by JLPT up to JLPT 1. As such it's going to be overwhelming for a beginner and is much better suited as a reference for intermediate or advanced learners. 3. Basic Parsing Skill Knowing the different types of words (Covered by doing a vocab list of about 100 verbs, and then the JLPT 5 list. You also have to have done or be doing Tae Kim's Basic Guide, since he explains what na-adj's, i-adj's, and other word types are, etc.). -(nouns, suru-verbs/nouns, verbs, na-adj's, i-adj's, adverbs, temporal adverbs) -Required to be able to play VN's. Knowing the basic sentence structure and how words can modify each other and fit in a sentence.: (adjectives modifying nouns, verbs). The knowledge is covered by Tae Kim Basic + a mix of Essential Grammar and Genki 1/2. I personally find Tae Kim's explanation good even though the learning curve is steep and his lessons aren't good for review like Genki books are. He tries to convey to you the big picture. -Required to be able to play VN's. Being able to breakdown sentences and spot the different types of words based on their position. -you can practice this by reading bits of text in your genki textbook, but more likely, the first time you really gain this skill is going to be the first month in which you read a visual novel with TA. Heavily practiced during your first month or two of reading VN's. 4. Kanji Skill: Learning to spots radicals in kanji (could be covered by doing the 214 radicals, about 1 month. You could also do this ongoing basis, learning how to spot the radicals that make up a kanji, for the words you learn.) -not needed to read VN's with TL aggregator, but extremely helpful for learning new words which have new kanji. Learning to remember kanji, ie. start recognizing when words share the same kanji. (it is a long ongoing gradual process. You can start doing this with the vocab you learn once you are comfortable learning vocab. You can also pick out words you see in vn's and check whether they use the same kanji by typing them out (example 朝（あさ）　and　朝食（ちょうしょく）　use the same kanji.). Oh course, to be able to easily produce the kanji you want to compare you need to remember how to spell a word that contains it (in this case 朝). So, as your vocab expands, you'll be able to compare more kanji. Note that to be able to do this comparing you must be able to spot radicals in kanji (previous level skill). -moderately helpful for learning vocabs. The same way remembering radicals helps learning with kanji: if you know the kanji clearly, you can remember a word just by the two kanji it uses, which is very precise and doesn't take a lot of mental bandwidth. It also means that you will much more rarely confuse words which have similiar looking kanji. The following two skills are for more advanced, they won't be particularly useful until much later. You might not notice the problems they solve until later as well. I include them mainly for completeness. Learning on-yomi for many of the Jyouyou kanji (start when you are intermediate-advanced, a medium-long process) -helpful for exactly what it is, reading kanji words and compounds correctly. -don't need to worry about this. From learning vocab you might pick up some of the common ones, but there's no need to pursue this actively for a while. Learning kanji meaning: (start when you are advanced, and can use a J-J dictionary) -suffixes like 府、省、性、症, as well normal kanji whose different meanings apply to clusters of words. -helpful for kanji compounds which won't directly show up in dictionaries -helpful for developing a native level understanding of vocabulary (not everything can be learned by exposure). A lot of literary words are fairly influenced by their kanji meanings, though sometimes consulting the word differentiation explanations can be more helpful. One last topic... On learning enough grammar and jumping into works too difficult for you. Reading a VN isn't the best way to learn basic sentence structure. However, it's a great way to reinforce grammar points you've learned. It's also a great way to get an understanding of conversational patterns you won't find in textbooks or JLPT. But you won't have the presence of mind to pay attention to that if you are bogged down by not knowing basic grammar. There are benefits for venturing early into native material or difficult vn's, but you wouldn't give a grade two student Tolkien, or even Harry Potter to improve their English. All the fancy prose and unusual concept would distract you from the more immediately useful things like, say: basic sentence structure. There are works which are the right level, and there are VN's which you really want to read. For the best experience, it's best to find some combination of the two. ------------------ Ok that's all for now. Feel free to ask any questions: I didn't really go into the details of how to study, instead focusing on the, well, skills involved. But it's also hard to remember what it's like for someone just starting out. I remember parts of studying very clearly, but I forget the thousands of things I used to be puzzled through varying stages of understanding but now take for granted. The process was all I could think about for the longest time. Now I don't give it much thought, it's just a regular part of my life, reading and a bit of studying. It's not bad idea, to just find a type of study that you know is helpful, stop thinking about all the right ways and wrong ways and magic tricks which don't exist, and just do it, for a while. Regularly. For a month or three.

Yo, I'm back from the dead! (though I can't guarantee that I won't die again) And what was the miraculous thing that had the ability to revive me? Of course, it was the latest title from the legendary eroge maker Winged Cloud, Sakura Beach, which was just released on August 14th! I mean, if their previous titles from the Sakura trilogy were all so successful like that, there is no reason for them to not make another one, right?? ... ... ... Okay, joke aside, let the summer trip to Hell begin. SYNOPSIS Seiji is a daydreamer who spends too much time thinking about space. When he was given a chance to visit the beach with his two childhood friends, all he can think about is his chance to take out his telescope and look at the stars. But gradually, he begins to realise that his childhood friends want him to pay attention to them instead of the constellations... CHARACTER 1. Seiji Our MALE protagonist (wait, isn't this a yurige?!). A dense guy that loves the space more than girls. 2. Ayumi Osananajimi No.1. A classic over-the-roof tsundere girl that always try to act mature. A good cook, and one of the smartest student at school, but has no swimming ability. 3. Momoka Osananajimi No.2. A cheerful and immature girl that loves to tease the MC and make lewd jokes. A complete opposite with Ayumi (terrible cook, bad in study, but extremely good at sports, especially swimming). STORY The story progression can be summarized like this: Seiji, Ayumi and Momoka came to this particular beach-side hotel on their summer holiday. As they were having fun day to day on the beach, the girls tried hard to make Seiji notice their feeling, and also tried to make him confessing the truth behind his obsessed with studying, which they found really unusual. Gradually, Seiji opened up more to them, told them about the thing that he was trying to cover up, his fear, and his true feeling toward his two friends. One thing I have to say, is that their plot this time is actually pretty decent for a OEL moege. At least better than their previous titles that I played. However, their plot development is still all over the place, with a ton of random events that just happen out of nowhere without any explanation (I will run through this later in the nitpicking section below). Moreover, some important-looking events even contributed absolutely nothing to the plot, almost were just there to satisfy the fetish of a certain group of players. Yes, I'm talking about the yuri scene, which made me thought that this was a yurige. Just suddenly come then go, no freaking explanation whatsoever. They also brought back a bunch of fan-service scenes that were literally just a copy-paste from Sakura Fantasy (and maybe the whole damn series), and even those scenes were so forced that made me just go "wtf?". Typos are still lying here and there (and sometimes, it's not even typo, it's just a dumb and funny mistake), seem like their QC need some more practice. I have a little complaint about the fact that every single day in their vacation happened in a exact same pattern: Wake up -> Go swimming at the beach -> Random talk -> Go home -> New day, wake up -> ...., though, being a guy that almost never go to the beach, guess I'm in no position to judge people. That said, the only once time I went for holiday in a seaside city for a week, I only spent 2 days for swimming, and the other 5 for going around, visiting this and that place. GRAPHIC This is my personal taste, but imo, Winged Cloud totally trashed their strongest point, which is the art, this time. The new art is just so much worse, although it's still "acceptable". The BGs are decent-looking though. Btw, what happened to their old artist? Rage quit? MUSIC After 5 minutes of playing, I decided to turn off the music and turn my fripSide playlist on. Do something about your boring music please, Winged Cloud. CONCLUSION Though I did say that the plot was decent, $10 for this game is still a big no. Both the plot and the fan-service quality did not go anywhere near that price. So, if you want to pir---I mean borrow it from someone out of curiosity, then go ahead. BUT DON'T GIVE WINGED CLOUD ANY MORE MONEY PLEASE! Pros: - Decent plot (wait, is this even a pro?) Cons: - All-over-the-place plot development. - Cliche fan-service scenes. - Unexplained details. - Boring-to-death music. Score Story: 5/10. Character: 4/10. Graphic: 6/10. Music: 2/10. Overall: 4/10. NITPICKING I mean, why not? With a game full of problem like this, nitpicking can give us much more fun than even the game itself!