In Portuguese:
Numbers 2, 3, 7, 9 and 11(so long as it isn't in itallic) stay the same.
Numbers 5, 4 and 1(obviously) do not hold true (although holidays are still capitalized).
Number 6 is a bit messier. We can use lower case to refer to titles, such as doctor, saint and professor, but capitals also work. Names have to be capital, though.
Number 10 is also different. Even if the book is titled "And Then There Were None", in portuguese it'd become "And then there were none".
There's also a couple more headaches in portuguese:
1- Maths or maths, either would be fine. Sciences or sciences.
2- North, South, East and West cannot be capitalized, however, when you mean it as a certain place instead of general direction(ex: "I moved to the North", as in, north of portugal), it has to be capital.
Now, just imagine that all this was implemented in 1990, when I already knew how to write, and that they only actually started to worry about teaching kids to write like this 4 bloody years ago.
People like me have no idea how this balderdash works...